Инсталирайте уеб сървъра Caddy от източник за съответствие с лиценза на Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

През септември 2017 г. EULA на Caddy беше променена и всички екземпляри на Caddy, управлявани от фирми и лични уеб сайтове, които извършват търговия, изискват търговски лиценз за изтегления от Caddy двоичен файл. Този урок помага на клиенти, които искат да инсталират уеб сървъра на Caddy в съответствие с новото EULA. Към момента на писане, когато компилирате Caddy от източник и създавате свой собствен двоичен файл, не се изисква платен лиценз, независимо дали сте бизнес или извършвате търговия на личния си уеб сайт. Важно е да прегледате най-новото EULA за съответствие, преди да следвате стъпките в този урок.

Характеристика:

• Кратка, лесно разбираема конфигурация
• Създаден с Go
• Разширяемо регистриране
• Изключително бърза доставка на статичен файл
• Динамична поддръжка на сайтове и прокси сървъри
• Вътрешна проверка на конфигурацията
• Статичен двоичен
• По подразбиране използва препоръчаните от Mozilla съвременни шифри
• Откриване на MITM (човек в средата).
• Поддръжка на SNI (индикатор за име на сървър).
• Автоматично генериране/извличане/подновяване на сертификати Let's Encrypt
• Поддръжка на OCSP
• Поддръжка на виртуални хостове
• Поддръжка за изобразяване на Markdown2html
• Вградена поддръжка за HTTP/2, QUIC и Websocket
• Поддръжка за балансиране на натоварването, обратно прокси и SSL терминиране

Предпоставки

• Инстанция на Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
• А Sudo потребител
• А Golang версия по-висока от 1.8+

Актуализация на системата

Влезте като обикновен потребител, който има разрешение да използва командата sudo. Актуализирайте системата, както следва.

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -y

Инсталирайте Caddy от източника

Изтеглете най-новата версия на изходния код на уеб сървъра на Caddy. Това не съдържа плъгини на трети страни за Caddy.

go get -u github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy && go get -u github.com/caddyserver/builds && cd go/src/github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy

По избор: Ако имате нужда от tls.dns.vultrплъгин dnsproviders на трета страна , копирайте следното. Това ще изтегли както изходния код на Caddy, така и tls.dns.vultrприставката dnsproviders на трета страна, ако искате да го използвате.

go get -u github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy && go get -u github.com/caddyserver/builds && go get -u github.com/caddyserver/dnsproviders/vultr && cd go/src/github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy && sed -i '38i\\t_ "github.com/caddyserver/dnsproviders/vultr"' caddymain/run.go

Компилирайте caddyдвоичния файл. Това ще отнеме по-малко от минута за компилиране.

go run build.go

Проверете версията и списъка с плъгини на caddyдвоичния файл.

./caddy -version && ./caddy -plugins

Копирайте Caddy двоичен намира в ~/go/src/github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/с /usr/binуказателя и да промените директорията гърба на корен на вашия потребителски директории.

sudo cp caddy /usr/bin/ && cd

Създайте caddy.servicesystemd файла в /etc/systemd/system/директорията с помощта на echoкомандата.

sudo su -c "echo -e '[Unit]\nAfter=network-online.target\nDescription=Caddy HTTP/2 web server\nDocumentation=https://caddyserver.com/docs\nWants=network.target\n\n[Service]\nAmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE\nCapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE\nEnvironment=CADDYPATH=/etc/ssl/caddy\n## Environment=VULTR_API_KEY=XXXXXXXX ##Uncomment and add your Vultr API (API tab on the Settings page) if using the Vultr DNS Manager to handle DNS for your VPS instance.\nExecReload=/bin/kill -USR1 $MAINPID\nExecStart=/usr/bin/caddy -agree=true -conf=/etc/caddy/caddy.conf -quic -root=/var/tmp\nGroup=www-data\nKillMode=mixed\nKillSignal=SIGQUIT\nLimitNOFILE=1048576\nLimitNPROC=512\nNoNewPrivileges=true\nPrivateDevices=true\nPrivateTmp=true\nProtectHome=true\nProtectSystem=full\nReadWriteDirectories=/etc/ssl/caddy\nRestart=on-abnormal\nTimeoutStopSec=5s\nUser=www-data\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target' > /etc/systemd/system/caddy.service"

Създайте /etc/caddy/директорията, която ще съдържа конфигурационния файл на уеб сървъра на Caddy; на /etc/ssl/caddy/директория, която ще съдържа Шифроване на сертификати за нека; на /usr/share/caddy/директория, която ще съдържа примерен HTML файл с; и /var/log/caddy/директорията, която ще съдържа регистрационните файлове на уеб сървъра на Caddy, използвайки mkdirкомандата. Промяна на собствеността на група към www-dataгрупа с помощта на chownкоманда към /etc/ssl/caddy/и /var/log/caddy/директории. Премахнете световните изпълними, четливи и записани разрешения, като използвате chmodкомандата за защита на /etc/ssl/caddy/директорията.

sudo mkdir -p {/etc/{caddy/conf.d,ssl/caddy},/usr/share/caddy,/var/log/caddy} && sudo chown www-data /etc/ssl/caddy/ /var/log/caddy/ && sudo chmod 750 /etc/ssl/caddy/

Активирайте уеб сървъра на Caddy.

sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable caddy

Конфигурирайте уеб сървъра Caddy

Всеки раздел по-долу обяснява как да конфигурирате Caddy за различни сценарии. Можете да ги използвате за справка и да преминете към раздела, който отговаря на вашите изисквания.

Настройте Caddy за показване на статични HTML страници (не-SSL)

Създайте основен файл с шаблон за конфигурация на коренно ниво, наречен caddy.confв /etc/caddy/директорията, който използва импортиране за действителния конфигурационен файл на vhost за примерен статичен HTML уеб сайт, наречен example.com.confв /etc/caddy/conf.d/директорията, като използвате echoкомандата.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com:80 {\n\tredir http://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com:80 {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\troot /var/www/html/\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Създайте /var/www/htmlдиректорията и създайте проста index.htmlвътрешност с помощта на echoкомандата.

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html && sudo su -c 'echo -e "<!DOCTYPE html>"\\n"<head>"\\n\\t"<meta charset="utf-8">"\\n\\t"<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">"\\n\\t"<title>Static HTML Page"\\n\\t"</title>"\\n\\t"<meta name="description" content="">"\\n\\t"<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">"\\n"</head>"\\n"<body>"\\n\\t"<p>Caddy is working."\\n\\t"</p>"\\n"</body>"\\n"</html>" > /var/www/html/index.html'

Стартирайте уеб сървъра на Caddy.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Отворете вашия уеб браузър към FQDN ( example.com) на вашия VPS екземпляр.

Настройте Caddy за показване на статични HTML страници (SSL)

Създайте основен файл с шаблон за конфигурация на коренно ниво, наречен caddy.confв /etc/caddy/директорията, който използва импортиране за действителния конфигурационен файл на vhost за примерен статичен HTML уеб сайт, наречен example.com.confв /etc/caddy/conf.d/директорията, като използвате echoкомандата.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com {\n\tredir https://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\troot /var/www/html/\n\ttls [email protected]\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Създайте /var/www/htmlдиректорията и създайте проста index.htmlвътрешност с помощта на echoкомандата.

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html && sudo su -c 'echo -e "<!DOCTYPE html>"\\n"<head>"\\n\\t"<meta charset="utf-8">"\\n\\t"<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">"\\n\\t"<title>Static HTML Page"\\n\\t"</title>"\\n\\t"<meta name="description" content="">"\\n\\t"<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">"\\n"</head>"\\n"<body>"\\n\\t"<p>Caddy is working."\\n\\t"</p>"\\n"</body>"\\n"</html>" > /var/www/html/index.html'

Стартирайте уеб сървъра на Caddy.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Отворете вашия уеб браузър към FQDN ( example.com) на вашия VPS екземпляр.

Настройте Caddy за обработка на PHP страници чрез прокси сървър на PHP-FPM (не-SSL)

Създайте основен файл с шаблон за конфигурация на коренно ниво, наименуван caddy.confв /etc/caddy/директорията, който използва импортиране за действителния конфигурационен файл на vhost за примерна страница PHPInfo, наречена example.com.confв /etc/caddy/conf.d/директорията, като използвате echoкомандата.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com:80 {\n\tredir http://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com:80 {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\tfastcgi / /var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock php\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\troot /var/www/html/\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Create a simple index.php in the /var/www/html directory using the echo command.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "<?php\nphpinfo();\n?>" > /var/www/html/index.php'

Install the PHP-FPM server to process PHP files.

sudo apt install php-fpm -y

Start the Caddy web server.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Open your web browser to the FQDN (example.com) of your VPS instance.

Setup Caddy To Process PHP Pages By Proxying The PHP-FPM Server (SSL)

Create a basic, root level configuration template file named caddy.conf in the /etc/caddy/ directory which uses an import for the actual vhost configuration file for a sample dynamic test web site named example.com.conf in the /etc/caddy/conf.d/ directory using the echo command.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com {\n\tredir https://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\tfastcgi / /var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock php\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\troot /var/www/html/\n\ttls [email protected]\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Create a simple index.php in the /var/www/html directory using the echo command.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "<?php\nphpinfo();\n?>" > /var/www/html/index.php'

Install the PHP-FPM server to process PHP files.

sudo apt install php-fpm -y

Start the Caddy web server.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Open your web browser to the FQDN (example.com) of your VPS instance.

Setup Caddy To Run Wordpress By Proxying The PHP-FPM Server (Non-SSL)

Create a basic, root level configuration template file named caddy.conf in the /etc/caddy/ directory which uses an import for the actual vhost configuration file for a sample Wordpress test web site named example.com.conf in the /etc/caddy/conf.d/ directory using the echo command.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com:80 {\n\tredir http://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com:80 {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\tfastcgi / /var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock php\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\trewrite {\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-admin\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-content\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-includes\n\t\tto {path} {path}/ /index.php\n\t}\n\troot /var/www/html/\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Install the unzip program in order to extract the Wordpress tar-gzipped file (latest.tar.gz).

sudo apt install unzip

Download the latest.tar.gz file into the /tmp/ directory, change the user and group permissions of the /var/www/html directory to the user www-data and group www-data and extract the contents of the latest.tar.gz file into the /var/www/html/ directory.

sudo su - www-data -c "wget -N -P /tmp/ -q https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz" -s /bin/bash && sudo chown -R www-data.www-data /var/www/html && sudo su - www-data -c "tar -C /var/www/html/ -zxf /tmp/latest.tar.gz --strip-components=1" -s /bin/bash  && sudo su - www-data -c "rm /tmp/latest.tar.gz" -s /bin/bash

Install the PHP-FPM server to process PHP files and the required PHP extensions required to interact with Wordpress.

sudo apt install php-curl php-fpm php-imagick php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mysql php-pspell php-xmlrpc -y

Install the MariaDB database server to store data for Wordpress.

sudo apt install mariadb-server -y

Optional: Disable skip-name-resolve to avoid the DNS lookup penalty for client connections, turn off the database TCP/IP listener and use unix sockets only.

sudo sed -i '26iskip-name-resolve\nskip-networking' /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf

Restart the MariaDB database server to the new configuration changes.

sudo systemctl restart mysql

Secure the MariaDB database server. Replace the ******** holder below in the first command with a new root password.

sudo mysql -e "UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('********') WHERE User='root'" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1')" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User=''" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.db WHERE Db='test' OR Db='test\_%'" && sudo mysql -e "" && sudo mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"

Create a database, wordpress_example_com, for Wordpress; a specific database user, wordpress_example_com_admin and the minimal database permissions necessary, (ALTER, CREATE, DELETE, DROP, INDEX, INSERT, SELECT, & UPDATE ), for Wordpress core and plugin installations' day to day functioning and core/plugin updates. Replace the example_com in wordpress_example_com with your actual domain name, example_com in wordpress_example_com_admin with your actual domain name and ******** with a new password specifically for the wordpress_example_com_admin user.

sudo mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE wordpress_example_com DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci" && sudo mysql -e "CREATE USER 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '********'; GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost';" && sudo mysql -e "GRANT ALTER, CREATE, DELETE, DROP, INDEX, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON wordpress_example_com.* TO 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost';" && sudo mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"

Create the Wordpress configuration file, wp-config.php, in the /var/www/html directory. Replace the example_com in wordpress_example_com with your actual domain name, example_com in wordpress_example_com_admin with your actual domain name and ******** with a new password specifically for the wordpress_example_com_admin user.

sudo su - www-data -c 'echo -e "<?php\ndefine('\'DB_CHARSET''\'', '\'utf8''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_COLLATE''\'', '\'''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_HOST''\'', '\'localhost''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_NAME''\'', '\'wordpress_example_com''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_PASSWORD''\'', '\'********''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_USER''\'', '\'wordpress_example_com_admin''\'');\ndefine('\'FS_METHOD''\'', '\'direct''\'');\ndefine('\'WP_DEBUG''\'', false);" > /var/www/html/wp-config.php' -s /bin/bash && sudo su -c www-data -c "curl -s https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ >> /var/www/html/wp-config.php" && sudo su - www-data -c 'echo -e "\$table_prefix  = '\'wp_''\'';\nif ( !defined('\'ABSPATH''\'') )\n\tdefine('\'ABSPATH''\'', dirname(__FILE__) . '\'/''\'');\nrequire_once(ABSPATH . '\'wp-settings.php''\'');\nfunction _remove_script_version( \$src ){ if ( strpos( \$src, '\'ver=''\'' ) ) \$src = remove_query_arg( '\'ver''\'', \$src ); return \$src; }\nadd_filter( '\'script_loader_src''\'', '\'_remove_script_version''\'', 15, 1 );\nadd_filter( '\'style_loader_src''\'', '\'_remove_script_version''\'', 15, 1 );" >> /var/www/html/wp-config.php' -s /bin/bash

Start the Caddy web server.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Open your web browser to the FQDN (example.com) of your VPS instance. You will see a language selection page. After selecting the language, click the blue Continue button, on the bottom right, to go to the next step of the Wordpress installation.

On the next page, enter a title for your website in the Site Title field (1), an administrator's username in the Username field (2). Use the generated password or input your own password in the Password field (3). Enter a valid email address in the Your Email field (4) and enable or leave disabled the Search Engine Visibility option (5), depending on whether your site is in the building phase. When you are satisfied, click the gray Install Wordpress button (6) to complete the Wordpress setup.

You will arrive in the Wordpress administration area. The initial installation of Wordpress is now complete.

Setup Caddy To Run Wordpress By Proxying The PHP-FPM Server (Non-SSL)

Create a basic, root level configuration template file named caddy.conf in the /etc/caddy/ directory which uses an import for the actual vhost configuration file for a sample Wordpress test web site named example.com.conf in the /etc/caddy/conf.d/ directory using the echo command.

sudo su -c 'echo -e "import conf.d/*.conf" > /etc/caddy/caddy.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "example.com {\n\tredir https://www.example.com{url}\n}\nwww.example.com {\n\terrors /var/log/caddy/example.com-error.log\n\tfastcgi / /var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock php\n\timport header.protection\n\tlog /var/log/caddy/example.com-access.log\n\trewrite {\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-admin\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-content\n\t\tif {path} not_starts_with /wp-includes\n\t\tto {path} {path}/ /index.php\n\t}\n\troot /var/www/html/\n\ttls [email protected]\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/example.com.conf' && sudo su -c 'echo -e "header / {\n\tX-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\n\tX-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\n\tX-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\"\n}" > /etc/caddy/conf.d/header.protection'

Install the unzip program in order to extract the Wordpress tar-gzipped file, (latest.tar.gz).

sudo apt install unzip

Download the latest.tar.gz file into the /tmp/ directory, change the user and group permissions of the /var/www/html directory to the user www-data and group www-data and extract the contents of the latest.tar.gz file into the /var/www/html/ directory.

sudo su - www-data -c "wget -N -P /tmp/ -q https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz" -s /bin/bash && sudo chown -R www-data.www-data /var/www/html && sudo su - www-data -c "tar -C /var/www/html/ -zxf /tmp/latest.tar.gz --strip-components=1" -s /bin/bash  && sudo su - www-data -c "rm /tmp/latest.tar.gz" -s /bin/bash

Install the PHP-FPM server to process PHP files and the required PHP extensions required to interact with Wordpress.

sudo apt install php-curl php-fpm php-imagick php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mysql php-pspell php-xmlrpc -y

Install the MariaDB database server to store data for Wordpress.

sudo apt install mariadb-server -y

Optional: Disable skip-name-resolve to avoid the DNS lookup penalty for client connections, turn off the database TCP/IP listener and use unix sockets only.

sudo sed -i '26iskip-name-resolve\nskip-networking' /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf

Restart the MariaDB database server to the new configuration changes.

sudo systemctl restart mysql

Secure the MariaDB database server. Replace the ******** holder below in the first command with a new root password.

sudo mysql -e "UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('********') WHERE User='root'" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1')" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User=''" && sudo mysql -e "DELETE FROM mysql.db WHERE Db='test' OR Db='test\_%'" && sudo mysql -e "" && sudo mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"

Create a database, wordpress_example_com, for Wordpress; a specific database user, wordpress_example_com_admin and the minimal database permissions necessary (ALTER, CREATE, DELETE, DROP, INDEX, INSERT, SELECT, & UPDATE )for Wordpress core and plugin installations' day to day functioning and core/plugin updates. Replace the example_com in wordpress_example_com with your actual domain name, example_com in wordpress_example_com_admin with your actual domain name and ******** with a new password specifically for the wordpress_example_com_admin user.

sudo mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE wordpress_example_com DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci" && sudo mysql -e "CREATE USER 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '********'; GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost';" && sudo mysql -e "GRANT ALTER, CREATE, DELETE, DROP, INDEX, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON wordpress_example_com.* TO 'wordpress_example_com_admin'@'localhost';" && sudo mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"

Create the Wordpress configuration file, wp-config.php, in the /var/www/html directory. Replace the example_com in wordpress_example_com with your actual domain name, example_com in wordpress_example_com_admin with your actual domain name and ******** with a new password specifically for the wordpress_example_com_admin user.

sudo su - www-data -c 'echo -e "<?php\ndefine('\'DB_CHARSET''\'', '\'utf8''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_COLLATE''\'', '\'''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_HOST''\'', '\'localhost''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_NAME''\'', '\'wordpress_example_com''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_PASSWORD''\'', '\'********''\'');\ndefine('\'DB_USER''\'', '\'wordpress_example_com_admin''\'');\ndefine('\'FS_METHOD''\'', '\'direct''\'');\ndefine('\'WP_DEBUG''\'', false);" > /var/www/html/wp-config.php' -s /bin/bash && sudo su -c www-data -c "curl -s https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ >> /var/www/html/wp-config.php" && sudo su - www-data -c 'echo -e "\$table_prefix  = '\'wp_''\'';\nif ( !defined('\'ABSPATH''\'') )\n\tdefine('\'ABSPATH''\'', dirname(__FILE__) . '\'/''\'');\nrequire_once(ABSPATH . '\'wp-settings.php''\'');\nfunction _remove_script_version( \$src ){ if ( strpos( \$src, '\'ver=''\'' ) ) \$src = remove_query_arg( '\'ver''\'', \$src ); return \$src; }\nadd_filter( '\'script_loader_src''\'', '\'_remove_script_version''\'', 15, 1 );\nadd_filter( '\'style_loader_src''\'', '\'_remove_script_version''\'', 15, 1 );" >> /var/www/html/wp-config.php' -s /bin/bash

Start the Caddy web server.

sudo systemctl start caddy

Open your web browser to the FQDN (example.com) of your VPS instance. After selecting the language, click the blue Continue button, on the bottom right, to go to the next step of the Wordpress installation.

On the next page, enter a title for your website in the Site Title field (1), an administrator's username in the Username field (2). Use the generated password or input your own password in the Password field (3). Enter a valid email address in the Your Email field (4) and enable or leave disabled the Search Engine Visibility option (5), depending on whether your site is in the building phase. When you are satisfied, click the gray Install Wordpress button (6) to complete the Wordpress setup.

You will arrive in the Wordpress administration area. The initial installation of Wordpress is now complete.